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Early Nationalism

India · 1895Poona Congress, the Constitution of India Bill and the Welby Commission

1895 belonged to the moderate, constitutional phase: the 11th Congress met at Poona under Surendranath Banerjee, the Constitution of India Bill expressed early demands for rights and representative institutions, and the Welby Commission was appointed to examine Indian expenditure. In Maharashtra, Tilak's public mobilisation signalled a coming shift.

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The Freedom Struggle & National Movementस्वतंत्रता संग्राम और राष्ट्रीय आंदोलन

Polity & Governanceराजव्यवस्था और शासन

Economyअर्थव्यवस्था

Society & Cultureसमाज और संस्कृति

Science, Technology & Spaceविज्ञान, प्रौद्योगिकी और अंतरिक्ष

Key figures

Surendranath Banerjee — presided over the 1895 Poona session of the Indian National Congress.Lord Elgin II — Viceroy of India, 1894–1899.Bal Gangadhar Tilak — initiated the Shivaji festival and led assertive nationalist politics in Maharashtra in the mid-18Dadabhai Naoroji — economist of the 'drain of wealth' theory and a member of the Welby Commission.Jagadish Chandra Bose — demonstrated wireless and electromagnetic-wave science in Calcutta in the mid-1890s.Birsa Munda — tribal leader arrested in 1895 during the Munda mobilisation in Chotanagpur.

UPSC / State PCS — Exam focus

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