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Early Nationalism

India · 1896Famine and plague grip India as 'Vande Mataram' is sung at the Calcutta Congress

The 1896–97 famine and the bubonic plague that struck Bombay in September dominated the year, exposing the limits of colonial relief. At the Calcutta Congress under Rahimtulla M. Sayani, Rabindranath Tagore sang 'Vande Mataram', while the cotton excise duty sharpened economic nationalism.

← 1895 1897 → All years

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Key figures

Rahimtulla M. Sayani — President of the 1896 Calcutta session of the Indian National Congress and the second Muslim presRabindranath Tagore — sang 'Vande Mataram' at the 1896 Congress session.Bal Gangadhar Tilak — led famine agitation and used Ganapati and Shivaji festival mobilisation to advance nationalist poLord Elgin II — Viceroy of India (1894–99) during the famine and plague crises.Jagadish Chandra Bose — pioneer of wireless and microwave science, awarded a D.Sc. by the University of London in 1896.Waldemar Haffkine — bacteriologist called to Bombay during the plague crisis, later developing an anti-plague vaccine.

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