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The Republic & the Nehru Years

India · 1960Bombay State splits into Maharashtra and Gujarat; Indus Waters Treaty signed

On 1 May 1960, bilingual Bombay State was split into Maharashtra and Gujarat, a major milestone in linguistic state-making. On 19 September, Jawaharlal Nehru and Ayub Khan signed the World Bank-brokered Indus Waters Treaty, while Zhou Enlai's April visit to Delhi left the India-China boundary dispute unresolved.

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Key figures

Jawaharlal Nehru — Prime Minister; signed the Indus Waters Treaty and hosted the Zhou Enlai boundary talksRajendra Prasad — President of India through 1960Yashwantrao Chavan — first Chief Minister of Maharashtra from 1 May 1960Ayub Khan — President of Pakistan; co-signed the Indus Waters TreatyB. P. Sinha — Chief Justice of India during the Berubari advisory opinionHomi J. Bhabha — chaired the Atomic Energy Commission as CIRUS went critical at Trombay

UPSC / State PCS — Exam focus

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