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The Gandhian Era & Mass Struggle

India · 1937Provincial autonomy begins: 1937 elections and Congress ministries under the 1935 Act

On 1 April 1937 provincial autonomy began under the Government of India Act 1935, ending dyarchy in the provinces; Burma and Aden were separated from British India. After the 1936–37 elections, the Congress formed ministries in several provinces, while the Muslim League's weak showing deepened Congress–League estrangement under Jinnah.

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The Freedom Struggle & National Movementस्वतंत्रता संग्राम और राष्ट्रीय आंदोलन

Polity & Governanceराजव्यवस्था और शासन

Economyअर्थव्यवस्था

Society & Cultureसमाज और संस्कृति

India & the Worldभारत और विश्व

Key figures

Jawaharlal Nehru — Congress President during the election period; campaigned for the Congress and shaped its anti-imperiMahatma Gandhi — associated with the Wardha Scheme of Basic Education (Nai Talim).Muhammad Ali Jinnah — Muslim League leader; the post-election rift and League reorganisation strengthened his political Sir Maurice Gwyer — first Chief Justice of the Federal Court of India from 1 October 1937.Zakir Husain — chaired the committee that framed the Basic Education scheme.Lord Linlithgow — Viceroy of India when provincial autonomy under the Government of India Act 1935 came into operation.

UPSC / State PCS — Exam focus

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