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The Gandhian Era & Mass Struggle

India · 1933Gandhi suspends mass Civil Disobedience for the Harijan cause; Britain's White Paper

With the Civil Disobedience Movement weakened under Lord Willingdon's repression, Gandhi shifted from mass agitation to the Harijan anti-untouchability campaign and undertook a 21-day fast in May 1933. In March, Britain's White Paper on Indian constitutional reform set out proposals that led toward the Government of India Act, 1935.

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Key figures

Mahatma Gandhi — suspended mass civil disobedience, undertook the 21-day fast and led the Harijan anti-untouchability caLord Willingdon — Viceroy (1931–36) overseeing repression of the movement and the constitutional reform process.Nellie Sengupta — presided over the 1933 Calcutta Congress session, the third woman to lead the INC.Choudhry Rahmat Ali — coined 'Pakistan' in the 'Now or Never' pamphlet, 1933.Lord Linlithgow — chaired the Joint Select Committee on the White Paper that framed the 1935 Act.Subhas Chandra Bose — co-authored a 1933 statement with Vithalbhai Patel criticising Gandhi's suspension of civil disobe

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