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The Gandhian Era & Mass Struggle

India · 1923Swaraj Party founded: Congress enters the councils to obstruct dyarchy from within

After Non-Cooperation's suspension, C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru founded the Swaraj Party in 1923 to contest elections and obstruct dyarchy from within. The Special Congress Session at Delhi permitted council entry, and the Swarajists performed strongly in the November elections. Communal politics sharpened as the Khilafat cause faded with developments in Turkey.

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Key figures

Chittaranjan Das (C.R. Das) — co-founder and president of the Swaraj Party.Motilal Nehru — co-founder and secretary of the Swaraj Party; led the Swarajists in the Central Legislative Assembly.Maulana Abul Kalam Azad — presided over the Special Congress Session at Delhi in September 1923 that accepted council enMaulana Mohammad Ali (Jauhar) — presided over the Kakinada (Cocanada) Congress Session in December 1923.Vallabhbhai Patel — associated with the Nagpur Flag Satyagraha settlement and led the Borsad Satyagraha in 1923.Lord Reading (Rufus Isaacs) — Viceroy of India from 1921 to 1926, under whom certification was used to pass financial me

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