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Revolt & Crown Rule

India · 1880Ripon succeeds Lytton — a liberal viceroyalty opens as the Afghan war winds down

Lord Lytton gave way to Lord Ripon in June 1880, after Gladstone's Liberals won power in Britain — raising Indian hopes of less repressive administration. The Second Anglo-Afghan War saw major actions at Maiwand and Kandahar, and the Strachey Famine Commission reported on famine policy.

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Key figures

Lord Ripon — assumed office as Viceroy in June 1880; liberal reformer.Lord Lytton — outgoing Viceroy; associated with the Vernacular Press Act and Arms Act of 1878.William Gladstone — became British Prime Minister in 1880; reshaped British policy toward India and Afghanistan.Sir Richard Strachey — chaired the Indian Famine Commission whose report appeared in 1880.Surendranath Banerjee — leader associated with the Indian Association; early nationalist.Premchand (Dhanpat Rai) — born 31 July 1880; major Hindi–Urdu novelist.

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