Flag of Indiaसत्यमेव जयते

The Gandhian Era & Mass Struggle

India · 1943Azad Hind proclaimed abroad as the Bengal Famine kills millions at home

With Gandhi and Congress leaders jailed after Quit India, Subhas Chandra Bose assumed leadership of the INA abroad and proclaimed the Provisional Government of Free India (Azad Hind). At home, the Bengal Famine killed an estimated 2–3 million people amid wartime disruption and administrative failure, as Wavell replaced Linlithgow as Viceroy.

← 1942 1944 → All years

The Freedom Struggle & National Movementस्वतंत्रता संग्राम और राष्ट्रीय आंदोलन

Polity & Governanceराजव्यवस्था और शासन

Environment & Disastersपर्यावरण और आपदाएं

Economyअर्थव्यवस्था

Society & Cultureसमाज और संस्कृति

India & the Worldभारत और विश्व

Key figures

Subhas Chandra Bose — proclaimed the Provisional Government of Free India and assumed leadership of the INA in 1943.Lord Wavell — became Viceroy of India in October 1943, succeeding Linlithgow.Lord Linlithgow — outgoing Viceroy, in office during Quit India and the famine's onset.Mahatma Gandhi — undertook a 21-day fast in detention from February to March 1943 at the Aga Khan Palace, Pune.Muhammad Ali Jinnah — Muslim League president; the League adopted 'Divide and Quit' at Karachi in 1943.Captain Lakshmi Swaminathan (later Lakshmi Sahgal) — led the INA's Rani of Jhansi Regiment, formed in 1943.

UPSC / State PCS — Exam focus

↥ All years BillTracker Exam prep

Researched by a multi-model AI editorial board and cross-checked against sources; Bills are real records from BillTracker. This is a study aid, not a substitute for primary sources. Spotted an error? Tell us.