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The Gandhian Era & Mass Struggle

India · 1940The Lahore Resolution: demand for separate Muslim states

Amid the Second World War, the Muslim League's Lahore Resolution (March) demanded separate Muslim states, giving formal political expression to the Pakistan demand. Congress, under Maulana Azad's presidency, rejected Britain's August Offer (August), and Gandhi launched Individual Satyagraha from October.

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Key figures

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad — elected Congress president at Ramgarh in 1940, serving until 1946.Muhammad Ali Jinnah — Muslim League president; argued the two-nation theory and presided over the Lahore session.A.K. Fazlul Huq — Premier of Bengal, who moved the Lahore Resolution.Mahatma Gandhi — launched Individual Satyagraha to assert the right to oppose the war.Lord Linlithgow — Viceroy who issued the August Offer.Subhas Chandra Bose — convened the Anti-Compromise Conference and was arrested in 1940, before his 1941 escape.

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